Sylvania



(No Model.)

G. F. MQCLEANEK: W. M. PABER, Jr.

INGOT MOLD.

Patnted July 31, 1888.

. %NVEN 1113?.

ATENT rrrcn,

GEORGE F. MOGLEANE'AND WILLIAM M. FABER, JR, OF PITTSBURG, PENN-SYLVANIA.

INGOT MOLD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 387,174, dated July 31,1888.

Application filed May 24, 1888. Serial No. 274,903. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that we, GEORGE F. MoCLEANE and WILLIAM M. FABER, J12,citizens of the United States, residing at Pittsburg, in the county ofAllegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Ingot-Molds; and we do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part ofthis specification.

This invention has relation to the manufacture of steel; and it has forits object to provide an ingot-mold in which steel can be castsufficiently solid and with a surface smooth enough to permit of directrolling into bars without the intermediate operation of blooming orhammering.

The mold now in general use for casting steel ingots is made ofcast-iron in one piece, having the appearance of a truncated pyramid,the taper being very slight and just sufficient to allow clearance indrawing. This shape of mold has proven itself unsuited to the purpose,as there is such a difficulty in drawing the ingots that a large supplyof extra molds must be kept on hand to meet the requirement of theconverters successive heats, and many of the molds are soon rendereduseless by the rough treatment received by them in the effort to draw.All this entails heavy expense upon the manufacturer of steel, which isovercome by our improved mold. Again, the ingot produced in this oldform of mold, as is well known, is honeycombed and extremely heterogcneous, and requires considerable reworking to compact it and render it ofthe requisite homo geneity for the uses to which it is to be applied.This defect in the ingot makes it practically impossible to secure aconstant and invariable quality of finished material, no matter with howgreatprecision and chemical accuracy the conversion is accomplished,because no two ingots will be honeycombed in the same man ner or degree,and as there can be no positive determination of their interior, sothere can be no accurate standard of comparison between one ingot andanother as to the exact amount of hammering and rolling required tobring 5 them to the same quality of product. Furnot present the ingotsrequire reheating and blooming before they are in condition for rolling.

\Ve have demonstrated by actual experience, upon a very large scale,that ingots cast in our improved mold are sufficiently free from themany defects above mentioned, and that the metal as taken from the moldsis in a perfoot condition for rolling without the intermediate step ofblooming, which, in addition to its cost, is positively injurious tosteel of certain kinds, particularly low-grade steel, the reheating ofthe steel rendering it more brittle and less ductile than that producedby our mold and not subjected to the blooming.

Another item of cost in the ordinary method is that where two or moremolds are cast at the one time on a single casting-table there is agate-piece to each ingot and a runner common to the several ingots whichmust be broken off, and is then valued only as waste.

In our mold for casting we make but one runner where there are now tworunners, thus reducing this single item exactly one-half, and on accountof the peculiarshape and combination of our molds the ingots are muchmore readily removed therefrom, and there is such a small possibility ofbreaking the molds that the cost of molds and amount of labor requiredin the casting and drawing operations are greatly lessened, therebylessening the cost of 8 the steel ingots.

The object of our invention, therefore, is the provision of aningot-mold in which all the de' sirable features of an open mold are:retained and all the objections to a closed mold are overcome.

Our invention therefore consists in an ingotmold having its sides andbottom and one end solid and its top and the other end removable,

the top being formed of a single piece of the same metal as the mold andthe removable end formed of fire-brick having an orifice through itscenter for the passage of the molten steel.

Our invention still further consists in the combinatiomwith two moldshaving a common IOO run, of a removable bar placed between the two moldsand under the run,whereby the ingots can be readily drawn at the onetime.

Our'invention still further consists in the construction, combination,and arrangement of parts, more fully described hereinafter, andspecifically pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective viewof our improved mold, one of the wells having the removable coverremoved. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a cast of ingots as they appearwhen taken from the mold. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one of theremovable end pieces, and Fig. 4 a view of the cover of one of thewells.

The mold-frame A, which is made of cast iron, is rectangular in form,andcomprises two or more molds, A A, 850., in which the ingots are cast. Asshown, the tops of these molds are open and are supplied with coversB,which are formed with flanges b b, so as to fit tightly upon the mold.A brick, C, having an orifice, f, for the passage of the molten metal,forms one end of the mold. The two frames A are each slightly tapered atone end, D, so that when two frames are placed together there will beformed by their contiguous sides a sprue or runner for both molds.

The bricks, O, which form the ends of the several molds, are shaped withtwo sloping sides, one of which coincides with the end of the mold-frameand the other making a sloping or inclined end to the mold.

A bar or lifter, E, having eyes 6 e at its ends, is placed between thetwo frames, their sides abutting against it, and fire-bricks F F, placedupon the top of the bar near the ends thereof, form the ends of therunner. A brick, G, having an orifice, g, passing through it from sideto side, and an orifice, g, from the top of the brick to the orifice g,is placed midway in the run and forms a support for the conduit for themolten metal.

In casting the mold the two frames are brought together, as shown, withthe bar G in proper position between them and the bricks F F in theirrespective position, molders sand being used to tamp the intersticesbetween the several parts, and also covering the bar E and preventingthe molten met-a1 from contacting therewith. The lids B B being placedin po sition over the several molds, the molten metal is poured throughthe orifice g in brick G, and from thence, through the orifice y, itfollows the run, and, entering the several gates in the molds, forms theingots, which, as before stated, are snfficiently free from all surfaceroughness, and the honeycombing is reduced to the minimum, the lids B Beffectually preventing the ebullition of the steel and causing the sameto form a finished and smooth surface. After the ingots have solidifiedthe lids B B are removed, and the ingots are removed from the molds byattaching hooks or draw-chains to the eye-holes e e in the end of thebar E and the whole number of ingots drawn from the molds, the severalbricks being raised with them. After the ingots are drawn from the moldsthe bricks are removed by breaking them, and the ingots are detachedfrom the runner.

As before explained, there being but a single runner to each pair ofmolds, frames, or series of ingots, the amount of the waste metal ismaterially lessened, and by reason of the fa cility with which theingots are drawn there is a great saving in labor and but small lossfrom destruction of molds.

Having described our invention,we elaim- 1. In aningot-mold having anopen top and end, a removable end piece composed of firebrick andprovided with a gate or passage for molten metal, substantially asdescribed.

2. The combination,with an ingot-mold on nsisting of two separateframes, each frame containing two or more molds and having inclinedfaces, whereby said frames when placed together form a single spruehaving inclined sides, of a removable bar and end bricks situatedbetween the two frames, substantially as described.

3. The combination,with an ingot-mold consisting of independent frameshaving a single sprue between them, of a removable bottom and end piecesfor said sprue, said bottom consisting of a rod or bar of iron,substantially as described.

4. An ingot-mold consisting of the frames A A, having inclined faces D,the removable bar E, and bricks F F, all constructed and combinedsubstantially as described.

In testimony that We claim the foregoing we have hereunto set our handsthis 15th day of May, 1888.

GEO. F. MCOLEANE. WM. M. FABER, JR.

Witnesses:

H. G. EVERT, LoUIs MoEsER.

It is hereby certified that Letters Patent No. 387,174, granted July 31,1888, upon the application of George F. MeOleane and William M. Faber,Jr., of Pittsburg, Pennsylyania, for an improvement in Ingot-Molds, Waserroneously issued to the said George F. McGleane and William M. Faber,J r., as joint owners; that said Letters Patent should have been issuedto said George F. McCleane as sole owner, by assignmen t, of the entireinterest; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with thiscorrection therein that the same may conform to the record of the easein the Patent Office. 7

Signed, eonntersigned, and sealed this 7th day of August, A. D. 18388.

lsEAn] D. L. HAWKINS,

Assistant Secretary of the Interior.

BENTON J. HALL,

'\ Countersigned 1 Commissioner of Patents.

